Each chime rod produces not just one fundamental tone, but also less audible tones, harmonics, that all contribute to the perceived musical note.

Because of the material of the chime rod, its rigidity and the fact that it has only one connecting point, as opposed to the 2 connecting points of piano strings for example, the harmonics, overtones, rapidly dominate when moving through the scale towards the shorter lengths.

They become new fundamentals that are not in tune with the rest. Whatever tuning or temperament used, be it equal tempered, just intonation or any other, the chime would not sound harmonious if the tuning was not adjusted.

I have given the instrument its own character by correcting the frequencies with an empirically found factor.

Departing from one reference note, all other notes are adjusted in a circular way by plus or minus a certain number of cents, in order to have the overtones of the longest rods harmonize with shortest ones. Hence, taking this into account, even though the chimes reference notes are in the pitch of 440Hz, we cannot talk about the instrument being tuned in 440Hz, nor in 432Hz for that matter.

We receive a lot of feedback from therapists around the world who are delighted with the therapeutic value of Koshi chimes.

I myself cannot say anything about this, because it is simply not my domain. I have created these chimes for the pure love of harmonic sound.

Though I am very happy to hear that the Koshis can have positive effects, I could never claim that we make healing chimes. I leave it up to each and everyone to express their own experience.